Hà Nội is grappling with alarming air pollution levels, particularly between October and April, according to experts. Recent data from VN-Air Quality Index shows over 30 percent of days in a year register poor or very poor air quality, with transportation contributing up to 70 percent of PM2.5 emissions. Industrial production, agriculture, and waste burning also play significant roles. The city experienced severe pollution episodes last month, with air quality indices peaking in traffic-heavy districts.

The city’s Department of Natural Resources and Environment has outlined measures to tackle the issue, including establishing Low Emission Zones starting in 2025, reducing PM2.5 emissions by 20 percent by 2030, and piloting the use of electric buses. Experts advocate for smarter traffic management, stricter vehicle emission standards, and expanded public transport options to improve air quality.

As part of its 2030 Air Quality Management Plan, Hà Nội is collaborating with international experts to create an emission inventory and implement automated monitoring systems. Authorities are also encouraging public engagement and investment in sustainable infrastructure, aiming for a cleaner and healthier urban environment.

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